Curdlan is an exopolysaccharide, which is composed of glucose linked with β-(1,3)-glycosidic bond and is produced by bacteria, such as Alcaligenes spp.,Agrobacterium spp., Paenibacillus spp., Rhizobium spp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida spp., and fungal sources like Aureobasidium pullulan, Poria cocos, etc.
Curdlan has been utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industries for its prebiotic, viscosifying, and water-holding properties for decades. Curdlan is fermented polysaccharides made from glucose. It has a property of solidifying when heated, excellent stability, and unchangeable by freezing and thawing in structure.
Curdlan has applications for making novel dairy products, functional foods, and nutraceuticals.
Physical Properties of Curdlan Curdlan is a water-insoluble exopolysaccharide secreted by a wide variety of non-pathogenic bacteria, yeast, and fungi
It is comprised of a homopolymer of Dglucose-linked with β-(1,3)-glucan. The unique thermal characteristics of curdlan are utilized in biofilm making to improve water barrier capacity and thermal stability in single and multilayer food packaging.
Apart from its high thermal stability, curdlan also possesses stability at lower freezing temperatures, and hence is used in frozen foods packaging.
Curdlan biofilms with 5% caprolactam have been shown to possess better mechanical strength and other physical properties as compared to other films.
In chemical terms, there is a cross-linking between the curdlan micelles in the low-set gel, which are occupied by single-helix molecules through hydrogen bonds, whereas the curdlan micelles are cross-linked by a triplestranded helix through hydrophobic interactions in the high-set gel.
Curdlan gels are used for the encapsulation of a number of drugs like indomethacin, salbutamol sulfate, and prednisolone to provide sustained release of these drugs. They are also used for grafting copolymers in the pharmaceutical industry .
Curdlan is one of the emerging exopolysaccharide and has the ability to produce polysaccharide-based membrane film, which has proven effective in possessing gas barrier properties. Due to its nontoxic attributes, curdlan was approved as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration.
Prebiotics are nondigestible oligosaccharides that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut. Curdlan being an oligosaccharide has a prebiotic potential and therefore can be used to promote the growth of useful intestinal microbiota.
Curdlan can form two types of gels based on their thermal properties, viz., low-set gel and high-set gel.
The low-set curdlan gel is produced when the aqueous solution of curdlan is heated up to 60◦C and then cooled to 40◦C in a thermally reversible process.
On the other hand, the high-set curdlan gel is generated when the aqueous solution of curdlan is heated >80◦C in a thermally irreversible process .
Gel strength of curdlan increases with heating temperature, time and concentration. Gels with different properties are made depending on the way of heating.
Effect of heating time on gel strength (2% gel)
Effects of heating temperature on gel strength (3% for 10 min)
Effects of curdlan concentration on gel strength (w/w%)
Heat irreversible gel (high set gel)
Gel is dispersed in water and heated to 80 ℃ or higher, and it becomes an irreversible gel (high set gel) and insoluble even after reheating.
Thermoreversible gel (low set gel)
Gel is dispersed in water and heated to 60℃, and it becomes a thermoreversible gel (low set gel).
GEL
The curdlan gel has high freezing tolerance, and even if it is repeatedly frozen and thawed, the physical properties hardly change.
Effect of freezing and thawing on gel strength
Acid and alkali resistance
Gels are formed in a wide pH range of pH 2 to 10, and even when the pH changes, there is almost no change in gel strength.
Effect of pH on gel strength
Heat resistance (retort tolerance)
Curdlan gel has high heat resistance and it will not break even if it is retorted.
Viscosity
By crushing curdlan gel into a paste, fat-like viscous substances with less spinnability is made.
Oil soluble substance inclusion(emulsion gel formation)
Emulsions of fats and oils are gelated and incorporated into the gel.
Advantages of adding curdlan in foods and dairy products.
Noodles and pasta
1. Modified texture
2. Improved firmness
3. Improved shaping qualities
Meat and meat products
1. Heat and freeze-thaw stability
2. Maximized moisture retention at processing temperature
3. Improved functional properties of low-fat model sausages
4. Chilled meat preservation (curdlan film)
Coating system and batter
1. Heat and freeze-thaw stability
2. Improved batter pickup and cooking loss
Milk and milk products
1. Increased viscosity of skimmed milk
2. Increased quality of milk
3. Retention of shape of ice-cream
4. Development of low fat whipped cream
International Standard Quality Policy
We are committed to provide the best quality products made at world class factories by our supporting manufacturers as per international standards. This helps us to gain trust & long-lasting relations with our all valuable satisfied customers all over the world.
With in-house quality control laboratory our products are certified as per international standards. The specific international certifications are also maintained to meet various requirements. Each product pass through an in-house testing process in our quality control laboratory.
We are consistently striving to meet our client’s demands for diverse packing products and our quality measures to ensure that the products are of superior quality and as per international standards.
Quality Checking Process:-
Strict quality check at the primary stage of production
In process quality check during finishing process
Final inspection before dispatch of material to the buyer